管道保温和加热
Pipeline insulation and heating
对于蒸汽管道、高温管道、低温管道以及有防烫、防冻要求的管道，需要用保温材料包覆在管道外面，防止管内热（冷）量的损失或产生冻结。对于某些高凝固点的液体管道，为防止液体太粘或凝固而影响输送，还需要加热和保温。常用的保温材料有水泥珍珠岩、玻璃棉、岩棉和石棉硅藻土等。
For steam pipes, high temperature pipes, low temperature pipes and pipes with anti-scalding and anti-freezing requirements, thermal insulation materials should be used to cover the outside of pipes to prevent loss of heat (cold) or freezing in pipes. For some liquid pipes with high solidification point, heating and heat preservation are also needed to prevent the liquid from being too sticky or solidified to affect transportation. The commonly used insulation materials are cement perlite, glass wool, rock wool and asbestos diatomite.
防腐和清洗
Antisepsis and cleaning
为防止土壤的侵蚀，地下金属管道表面应涂防锈漆或焦油、沥青等防腐涂料，或用浸渍沥青的玻璃布和麻布等包覆。埋在腐蚀性较强的低电阻土壤中的管道须设置阴极保护装置，防止腐蚀。地面上的钢铁管道为防止大气腐蚀，在表面上涂覆以各种防锈漆。各种管道在使用前都应清洗干净，某些管道还应定期清洗内部。为了清洗方便，在管道上设置有过滤器或吹洗清扫孔。在长距离输送石油和天然气的管道上，须用清扫器定期清除管内积存的污物，为此要设置专用的发送和接收清扫器的装置。
In order to prevent soil erosion, the surface of underground metal pipelines should be coated with anti-rust paint, tar, asphalt and other anti-corrosion coatings, or coated with glass cloth and linen impregnated with asphalt. The pipeline buried in corrosive low resistance soil should be equipped with cathodic protection device to prevent corrosion. In order to prevent atmospheric corrosion, steel pipelines on the ground are coated with various anti-rust paints. All kinds of pipes should be cleaned before use, and some pipes should be cleaned regularly. In order to clean conveniently, a filter or a blow cleaning hole is arranged on the pipeline. On long-distance pipelines for oil and gas transportation, it is necessary to use a sweeper to regularly remove the dirt accumulated in the pipeline. For this reason, special transmission and reception devices of sweepers should be set up.